Cortico-Cancellous Collagenic Porcine Bone for Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Cohort Comparative Study.

Area of Science:

• Dental regenerative medicine
• Periodontology
• Biomaterials science

Background:

• Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) is crucial for successful dental implant placement.
• Cortico-cancellous porcine bone (CCPB) is a promising biomaterial for ARP.
• Evaluating different CCPB formulations is essential for optimizing clinical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare histomorphometric characteristics of two CCPB formulations used in ARP.
• To evaluate and compare clinical and aesthetic outcomes of dental implants placed in augmented sites.

Main Methods:

• Prospective, cohort-comparative study involving 20 patients requiring tooth extraction, ARP, and implant placement.
• Two CCPB formulations with a thermogel were used: 50:50 hand-mixed and 80:20 pre-mixed.
• Histomorphometric analysis of bone biopsies, implant placement after 4 months, and prosthetic loading after 3 months, with 1-year follow-up.

Main Results:

• The hand-mixed 50:50 CCPB group showed a trend towards higher newly formed bone (36.15%) compared to the pre-mixed 80:20 group (27.18%), though not statistically significant (p=0.064).
• Both groups exhibited minimal marginal bone loss at 1 year (0.06 ± 0.15 mm vs. 0.25 ± 0.35 mm, p=0.42).
• No statistically significant differences were found in aesthetic outcomes between the groups.

Conclusions:

• Both CCPB formulations demonstrated effective and favorable outcomes for alveolar ridge preservation and subsequent dental implant placement.
• Observed histomorphometric differences did not significantly impact final clinical or aesthetic results.
• The choice between hand-mixed and pre-mixed CCPB formulations may not critically affect long-term implant success and aesthetics.