Transforming sleep medicine: the evolving role of artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is in the era of rapid evolution. Like other healthcare fields, AI has significantly impacted sleep medicine. We aim to explain the evolving role of AI in sleep medicine and provide clinicians with key information related to its benefits and limitations.

AI technologies, like machine learning and deep learning, improve the detection of sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, and narcolepsy, through advanced data analysis from tools like polysomnography and consumer sleep devices. AI also enables targeted therapies by endotyping sleep disorders, optimizing patient care, and reducing unnecessary treatments. On the other hand, there are many challenges that need to be addressed before using AI in clinical settings. Ethical issues regarding patient privacy, biases, and transparency regarding data use are some of the key challenges.

AI could transform sleep medicine by enhancing diagnostic accuracy and personalizing treatment plans. Effective collaboration between clinicians and AI experts is necessary to use AI optimally in clinical settings.