Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

3.2K
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
3.2K
Genetic Lingo01:11

Genetic Lingo

104.6K
Overview
104.6K
Heritability01:06

Heritability

303
Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
303
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

719
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
719
Genetic Drift03:33

Genetic Drift

40.7K
Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.
40.7K
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

387
Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...
387

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

New Guidelines for Ophthalmic Genetic Studies.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026
Same author

Next-Generation Myopia Control Spectacles Hint at Defocus Opponency Circuits in the Retina.

Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·2026
Same author

Gene-Environment Interaction Loci Associated with Refractive Error: SCAMPI Analysis.

Ophthalmology science·2026
Same author

Genome-wide discovery reveals 30 loci for choroidal thickness and uncovers potential causal links with angle-closure glaucoma.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Women in vision networks: narrowing the global gender gap in academia.

Therapeutic advances in ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Pattern of association between school grades and myopia: longitudinal findings from the SCORM cohort.

Eye (London, England)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients
07:06

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

Published on: March 29, 2022

2.7K

Revisiting the Trans-Ancestry Genetic Correlation of Refractive Error.

Rosie Clark1,2, Xi He1,3, Thu Nga Nguyen1,4

  • 1School of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|August 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Genetic predisposition to refractive error is largely shared across diverse global populations, including Europeans, Africans, and South Asians. Differences in myopia prevalence are likely due to lifestyle factors rather than genetics.

More Related Videos

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
05:36

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening

Published on: October 18, 2024

1.0K
Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
03:35

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: December 1, 2023

378

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients
07:06

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

Published on: March 29, 2022

2.7K
Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
05:36

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening

Published on: October 18, 2024

1.0K
Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
03:35

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: December 1, 2023

378

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Ophthalmology
  • Population Health

Background:

  • Myopia prevalence varies globally, potentially due to lifestyle or genetic factors.
  • Trans-ancestry genetic correlation assesses shared genetic predisposition between populations.
  • Understanding genetic correlations is crucial for global myopia research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the trans-ancestry genetic correlation of refractive error.
  • To compare genetic susceptibility across European, South Asian, East Asian, and African ancestry groups.

Main Methods:

  • Employed two methods: trans-ancestry genetic correlation with unbalanced data resources (TAGC-UDR) and trans-ancestry bivariate genomic-relatedness-based restricted maximum-likelihood (TAB-GREML).
  • Analyzed UK Biobank participants across diverse ancestries, with varying sample sizes.

Main Results:

  • TAGC-UDR analyses indicated high genetic correlation (0.7-1.0) for refractive error between European, African, and South Asian ancestry pairs.
  • TAB-GREML estimates corroborated TAGC-UDR findings.
  • Limited precision in estimates was noted due to smaller non-European sample sizes.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic susceptibility to refractive error is substantially shared across Europeans, Africans, and South Asians.
  • Geographical myopia prevalence differences may stem from lifestyle factors or unexamined rare genetic variants.
  • Findings support the role of shared genetic architecture in refractive error.