Prognostic Value of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Luminal B Breast Cancer Based on Multiphoton Microscopy

This study investigates the prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in luminal B breast cancer patients using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) and evaluates their association with 5-year disease-free survival (DFS). We obtained unlabeled MPM images from 213 patients, quantified the frequency of TILs, and assigned a TILs-score to each patient using ridge regression analysis. In addition, compared with single CLI-score model, the nomogram model, which integrated the TILs-score model with CLI-score model, further enhanced the predictive power for the luminal B subgroup. Specifically, the area under the curve (AUC) for 5-year DFS increased from 0.740 to 0.830 and hazard ratio (HR) increased from 5.31 to 7.24 in the training cohort; in the validation cohort, AUC increased from 0.716 to 0.822 and HR increased from 3.08 to 5.01. These findings suggest that the MPM-based TILs-score is a robust prognostic factor for luminal B breast cancer, potentially guiding more tailored treatment protocols.