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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...

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Prediction Models for Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries (OASIS): A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal.

Ellen S Mooren1, Jeroen van Bavel2, Anita C J Ravelli3

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PubMed
Summary

Prediction models for obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) are currently of low quality and not ready for clinical use. Future research needs larger cohorts and external validation for reliable risk assessment.

Keywords:
obstetric anal sphincter injuryperineal traumaprediction model

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Clinical Prediction Modeling
  • Maternal Health Research

Background:

  • Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) pose a risk of maternal morbidity.
  • Prediction models are being developed to estimate individual OASIS risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and critically assess studies on the development and validation of OASIS prediction models.
  • Evaluate the methodology and clinical applicability of existing models.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review following PRISMA and CHARMS guidelines.
  • Searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus.
  • Assessed risk of bias and applicability using PROBAST.

Main Results:

  • Included 16 papers with 25 OASIS prediction models.
  • Model discrimination ranged from 0.64 to 0.83.
  • All models showed limitations, with concerns regarding generalizability, risk of bias, and clinical applicability; no external validation studies were found.

Conclusions:

  • Current OASIS prediction models are of low to moderate quality and not yet clinically applicable.
  • Future models require development using larger, generalizable multicenter cohorts with clinically relevant predictors and robust validation.