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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

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State-of-the-Art Organ-on-Chip Models and Designs for Medical Applications: A Systematic Review.

Gustavo Adolfo Marcelino de Almeida Nunes1, Ana Karoline Almeida da Silva1, Rafael Mendes Faria1,2

  • 1Postgraduate Programme in Mechatronic Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 27, 2025
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Summary

Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) devices offer advanced preclinical models for drug discovery and physiological research. This review details OoC designs, enhancing biomimetic capabilities and ethical research practices.

Keywords:
3D bioprintingOrgan-on-a-ChipPatient-Specific Modelscell microenvironmentmicrofluidicsmicrophysiological systemstranslational medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) devices are microphysiological systems that mimic human organ functions.
  • They offer potential advantages over traditional preclinical models for drug discovery and disease modeling.
  • Understanding OoC design principles is crucial for developing more accurate and predictive biological models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and provide a comprehensive overview of microphysiological platform designs.
  • To analyze the current state of Organ-on-a-chip technology, focusing on design principles.
  • To identify recent advances and future prospects in Organ-on-a-chip development.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022352569).
  • Adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
  • Inclusion of studies using human primary or secondary lineage cells.

Main Results:

  • Screened 3,150 articles after initial retrieval and duplicate removal from major scientific databases.
  • Included 18 studies in the systematic review after full-text analysis.
  • Examined OoC design principles including structure, dimensions, cell culturing, and manufacturing techniques, alongside recent advances and future directions.

Conclusions:

  • Microphysiological devices are valuable tools for drug discovery and understanding human physiology.
  • OoC technology contributes to more ethical research by reducing animal testing.
  • Further development in OoC design can lead to more precise and functional biomimetic models.