Recent Progress in Electrocatalysts for Hydroquinone Electrochemical Sensing Application

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Sensor Technology

Background:

• Electrochemical sensors are vital for detecting biomolecules and toxic substances.
• Electrode materials (electrocatalysts) significantly influence sensor performance.
• Hydroquinone (HQ) detection is crucial due to its toxicity and biological relevance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and compile fabrication methods for hydroquinone (HQ) electrochemical sensors.
• To analyze the role of various modified electrode materials in HQ sensing.
• To discuss the electrochemical performance and future prospects of HQ sensors.

Main Methods:

• Compilation of existing literature on HQ electrochemical sensor fabrication.
• Analysis of diverse electrode materials including metal oxides, MXenes, carbon-based materials (rGO, CNTs), LDH, metal sulfides, and hybrid composites.
• Evaluation of sensor performance metrics: limit of detection, linearity, sensitivity, selectivity, stability, reproducibility, and recovery.

Main Results:

• Extensive utilization of various modified electrodes, including metal oxides, MXenes, rGO, CNTs, LDH, metal sulfides, and hybrid composites for HQ sensor fabrication.
• Detailed discussion on the electrochemical performance of these sensors for real-time HQ detection.
• Identification of key factors influencing sensor sensitivity, selectivity, and stability.

Conclusions:

• Modified electrodes are critical for developing high-performance HQ electrochemical sensors.
• Current challenges and limitations in HQ sensor technology are highlighted.
• Future research directions focus on novel materials and improved sensor designs for enhanced detection capabilities.