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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Full-Field Optical Coherence Microscopy for Histology-Like Analysis of Stromal Features in Corneal Grafts

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High-Resolution Imaging of Morphological Changes Associated with Apoptosis and Necrosis Using Single-Cell Full-Field

Suyeon Kang¹, Kyeong Ryeol Kim¹, Minju Cho¹

¹Department of Convergence Medicine, Brain Korea 21 Project, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.

|August 27, 2025

Summary

Full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) visualizes cellular changes during apoptosis and necrosis. This label-free imaging technique distinguishes cell death pathways, aiding drug toxicity testing and therapy evaluation.

Keywords:

apoptosis full-field optical coherence tomography interference reflection microscopy-like imaging label-free necrosis non-invasive single-cell analysis three-dimensional topographic mapping time-lapse imaging

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Published on: June 21, 2022

Area of Science:

Biomedical Imaging
Cell Biology
Optical Physics

Background:

Label-free imaging is crucial for observing dynamic cellular processes.
Distinguishing between apoptosis and necrosis is vital for understanding cell fate.
Existing methods may lack the resolution or speed to capture rapid cellular events.

Purpose of the Study:

To employ a custom time-domain full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) system.
To monitor and differentiate morphological changes in HeLa cells during apoptosis and necrosis at the single-cell level.
To assess the utility of FF-OCT for evaluating cellular responses to cytotoxic agents.

Main Methods:

Utilized a custom-built time-domain FF-OCT system for high-resolution imaging.
Applied doxorubicin to induce apoptosis and ethanol to induce necrosis in HeLa cells.
Employed 3D surface topography mapping and FF-OCT-based interference reflection microscopy (IRM)-like imaging.

Main Results:

Apoptotic cells exhibited echinoid spine formation, cell contraction, membrane blebbing, and filopodia reorganization.
Necrotic cells displayed rapid membrane rupture, intracellular content leakage, and loss of adhesion.
FF-OCT effectively visualized dynamic morphological alterations and changes in cell-substrate adhesion.

Conclusions:

FF-OCT is a powerful tool for label-free, high-resolution visualization of cellular structural changes.
The technique can effectively distinguish between apoptosis and necrosis based on distinct morphological features.
FF-OCT holds significant potential for applications in drug toxicity screening, cancer therapy assessment, and regenerative medicine.