The Fungus Among Us: Innovations and Applications of Mycelium-Based Composites

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biotechnology
• Sustainable Engineering

Background:

• Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) are gaining traction as eco-friendly and affordable materials derived from fungal growth on agricultural waste.
• These bio-fabricated materials offer sustainable alternatives to conventional synthetic products in various industries.
• Current research focuses on MBCs for construction, leveraging their insulation and acoustic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review the fabrication processes of MBCs.
• To analyze factors influencing MBC production and performance.
• To assess the potential of MBCs in construction and other applications.

Main Methods:

• Review of scientific literature on MBC fabrication.
• Analysis of fungal species selection, substrate choice, and growth conditions.
• Examination of post-processing techniques, material properties, and life cycle assessments.

Main Results:

• MBCs demonstrate excellent thermal insulation, acoustic absorption, and fire safety.
• Key factors influencing MBC properties include fungal strain, substrate, and processing methods.
• Current limitations include water absorption and mechanical properties, restricting use to non-structural roles.

Conclusions:

• MBCs present a promising sustainable material with significant potential, particularly for insulation and acoustic applications.
• Further research is needed to enhance mechanical properties and address water absorption for broader applications.
• Optimization of fabrication and post-processing is crucial for maximizing MBC performance and commercial viability.