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Physical and Biomechanical Relationships with Countermovement Jump Performance in Team Sports: Implications for
Moses K Bygate-Smith1,2, C Martyn Beaven2, Mark Drury3
1School of Sport and Human Movement, Te Huataki Waiora Division of Health, University of Waikato, Tauranga 3116, New Zealand.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 27, 2025
Summary
This study identifies key factors for maximizing countermovement jump (CMJ) performance in team-sport athletes. Prioritizing lower-body power and biomechanics, especially during the braking phase, is crucial for enhancing jump height and reducing injury risk.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Biomechanics
- Human Movement Analysis
Background:
- Countermovement jump (CMJ) performance is influenced by various physical qualities.
- The relative importance of these factors for CMJ performance remains unclear.
- Understanding these relationships is vital for optimizing athletic performance in team sports.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and evaluate characteristics associated with CMJ performance.
- To identify key physical and biomechanical factors influencing CMJ in adult team-sport athletes.
- To provide evidence-based recommendations for training programs.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across three databases and grey literature.
- 18 relevant articles were included based on predefined criteria.
- Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyze relationships, with effect sizes categorized.
Main Results:
- Strongest correlations with CMJ performance included time-to-bottom, time-to-peak force, knee extension peak power (at 180°/s), and squat jump height.
- The selected studies demonstrated good average quality (76% ± 14).
- Movement biomechanics and lower-body power emerged as significant predictors.
Conclusions:
- Maximizing CMJ performance requires a focus on movement biomechanics and lower-body power.
- Individualized attention to braking-phase strategies is recommended.
- Findings can inform training to enhance athletic performance and mitigate injury risks related to jumping mechanics.
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