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Related Concept Videos

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Computational Protocol for Analysis of Plaque Morphology and Hemodynamics in Patients with Carotid Artery Stenosis
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Risk factors for cervical artery dissection: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Wilco Jacobs1,2, Debbie S Wright3, Katherine Pohlman3

  • 1The Health Scientist, The Hague, The Netherlands wilco@thehealthscientist.nl.

Stroke and Vascular Neurology
|August 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Cervical artery dissection (CAD) risk factors include genetic predispositions like migraine, cardiovascular issues, recent infections, and minor trauma. Evidence certainty varies, with moderate certainty for migraine and MTHFR gene variants.

Keywords:
DissectionMeta-AnalysisRisk FactorsStrokeSystematic Review

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Genetics
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cervical artery dissection (CAD) is a rare but significant cause of stroke.
  • Understanding CAD risk factors is crucial for stroke prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an updated systematic review identifying risk factors for cervical artery dissection (CAD).
  • To analyze risk factors in the general population, updating previous reviews.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search across MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science.
  • Inclusion of observational studies (cohort, case-control, case-crossover) with control groups.
  • Risk of bias assessed using ROBINS-E and evidence certainty using GRADE.

Main Results:

  • Identified 54 relevant studies, predominantly case-control (91%), with generally high risk of bias.
  • Key risk factors include genetic factors (migraine, MTHFR TT homozygosity), external factors (infection, season, oral contraceptives), minor trauma, and cardiovascular factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia).
  • Evidence certainty was moderate for migraine and MTHFR TT, low for minor trauma, and very low for others.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic factors, cardiovascular risk factors, recent infection, and minor trauma are identified as risk factors for CAD.
  • Interpretation requires caution due to overall low to very low certainty of evidence, except for migraine and MTHFR TT homozygosity.
  • This review provides a comprehensive examination of CAD risk in the general population.