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Whether and When Could Generative AI Improve College Student Learning Engagement?

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Generative AI (GenAI) use among Chinese college students is common, impacting learning engagement. Its effectiveness depends on course design, with benefits seen in high-challenge, high-support environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Technology
  • Artificial Intelligence in Education
  • Higher Education Studies

Background:

  • Generative AI (GenAI) adoption is widespread among college students.
  • Empirical evidence on GenAI's impact on student learning experiences is limited.
  • Understanding GenAI's role in higher education is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between GenAI use and student learning engagement in Chinese higher education.
  • To explore how different learning environments moderate the effects of GenAI on engagement.
  • To provide empirical insights into the effective integration of GenAI in academic settings.

Main Methods:

  • Survey data from 72,615 undergraduate students across 25 Chinese universities and colleges.
  • Analysis of GenAI usage patterns and their correlation with cognitive, emotional, and active learning engagement.
  • Examination of GenAI's impact across diverse learning environments (e.g., high-challenge/high-support vs. low-challenge/high-support).

Main Results:

  • Over 60% of Chinese college students utilized GenAI in Academic Year 2023-2024, with academic applications dominating.
  • Academic GenAI use correlated with increased cognitive and emotional engagement but potentially decreased active learning and motivation.
  • GenAI's positive association with engagement was strongest in 'high-challenge and high-support' courses, and negative in 'low-challenge, high-support' courses.

Conclusions:

  • GenAI can enhance college student learning engagement, particularly in well-structured academic contexts.
  • The effectiveness of GenAI is contingent upon instructional design and teacher's role in creating supportive learning environments.
  • Strategic implementation of GenAI, guided by pedagogical principles, is key to maximizing its benefits in higher education.