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Related Concept Videos

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The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Human Primary Trophoblast Cell Culture Model to Study the Protective Effects of Melatonin Against Hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced Disruption
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Association Between Melatonin Use and Cataract Risk: A Target Trial Emulation Retrospective Cohort Study.

Cheng-Hsien Hung1,2, Jing-Yang Huang3, Yu-Chien Hung2,4,5

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 50544, Taiwan.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Melatonin use may reduce cataract risk. This study found melatonin users had a lower incidence of age-related and other cataract types compared to hypnotic benzodiazepine users.

Keywords:
TriNetXage-related cataractcataractcohort studymelatoninoxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Oxidative stress contributes to cataract development.
  • Melatonin's protective role against oxidative stress is suggested but not confirmed regarding cataract risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between melatonin use and cataract risk.
  • To emulate a target trial using electronic health records.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using TriNetX (2015-2023).
  • Included adults (≥40 years) with sleep disorders initiating melatonin or hypnotic benzodiazepine (BZD).
  • Propensity score matching (PSM) and Cox proportional hazards models were used.

Main Results:

  • Melatonin users showed a significantly lower risk of age-related cataracts (HR 0.741) and other cataracts (HR 0.503) versus BZD users.
  • Findings were consistent across subgroup and sensitivity analyses.
  • 5507 participants per group after PSM.

Conclusions:

  • Melatonin use is associated with a reduced risk of developing cataracts.
  • Melatonin may possess a protective effect against cataract formation.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings.