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Salt-Induced Gel Formation by Zwitterionic Polymer for Synergistic Methane Hydrate Inhibition.

Fei Gao^1,2,3, Shijun Tang⁴, Peng Xu^1,2,3

¹School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, National Engineering Research Center for Oil & Gas Drilling and Completion Technology, Wuhan 430100, China.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 28, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new zwitterionic polymer, NDAD, significantly inhibits methane hydrate (MH) formation in deepwater drilling. It extends formation time by 4.9 times, with salt enhancing its effectiveness through gel network formation.

Keywords:

deep-water drilling hydrate inhibition response surface method salt-induced physical gel structure zwitterionic polymer

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Area of Science:

Chemical Engineering
Materials Science
Petroleum Engineering

Background:

Methane hydrate (MH) formation poses a significant challenge to flow assurance in deepwater drilling operations.
Effective inhibition of MH is crucial for maintaining operational integrity and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and evaluate the performance of a novel zwitterionic polymer, NDAD, as a methane hydrate inhibitor.
To investigate the synergistic effect of NaCl on NDAD's inhibition efficiency.
To elucidate the inhibition mechanisms of NDAD using molecular simulations.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of zwitterionic polymer NDAD.
High-pressure reactor tests to evaluate hydrate inhibition performance.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for visualizing hydrate formation.
Molecular simulations to understand inhibition mechanisms.
Response surface methodology (RSM) for optimizing inhibitor dosage.

Main Results:

NDAD at 1.0 wt% extended MH formation time by 4.9 times compared to PVCap.
NaCl (10-15 wt%) synergistically enhanced NDAD's inhibition by inducing gel network formation and increasing viscosity by 98%.
RSM identified NDAD dosage as the primary factor influencing inhibition efficacy.

Conclusions:

NDAD is a highly effective methane hydrate inhibitor for deepwater applications.
The synergistic effect of NaCl enhances NDAD performance through physical gel network formation, impeding methane diffusion.
NDAD inhibits MH formation via competitive hydration and mass transfer resistance, offering a dual-action mechanism.