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Cutaneous Cancer Trends in Spain: An Emerging Epidemic with Shifting Tumor Types
Jorge Santos-Juanes1,2,3,4,5, Raquel Santos-Juanes2, Marta López-Pando2
1GRIDER, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo; 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 28, 2025
Summary
Skin cancer incidence, particularly melanoma, has significantly increased in Asturias. Early detection of melanoma is improving, but the COVID-19 pandemic impacted healthcare access, highlighting the need for ongoing prevention and screening.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Epidemiology
- Oncology
Background:
- Rising incidence of non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers necessitates epidemiological understanding.
- Effective community prevention and healthcare resource planning depend on accurate incidence data.
Purpose of the Study:
- Quantify skin tumor diagnoses at HUCA (2014-2023).
- Describe temporal trends for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma.
- Analyze melanoma's clinical/histopathological features and estimate incidence rates.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study utilizing HUCA Pathology Registry data.
- Analysis of 7477 BCC, 2689 SCC, and 585 melanoma cases.
- Calculation of age-standardized incidence rates using EPIDAT 4.2 and European standard population.
Main Results:
- BCC cases increased by 50%, SCC by 80%, and melanoma by 159% from 2014-2023.
- Melanoma incidence rose from 8.85 to 18.50 per 100,000.
- 89% of melanomas diagnosed by dermatologists; 33.1% were melanoma in situ.
Conclusions:
- Marked increase in skin cancer, especially melanoma, observed in Asturias.
- Increased in situ melanoma diagnoses suggest improved early detection.
- COVID-19 impacted care access; sustained prevention and screening are crucial.
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