Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

433
Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
433
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

6.7K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.7K
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

35.2K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
35.2K
Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs

505
Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
505
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

716
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
716
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

3.7K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multiancestral GWAS of Dental Malocclusion Identifies Multiple Risk Loci.

Journal of dental research·2026
Same author

Comprehensive analysis of <i>de novo</i> variants across 2,497 orofacial cleft trios reveals novel genetic drivers of disease.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Meta-analysis of over 8,000 individuals from Hawai'i and Samoa for genetic associations to cardiometabolic phenotypes.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Opioid Prescribing by US Dentists and Dental Specialists after Continuing Education.

JDR clinical and translational research·2026
Same author

Ancient regulatory evolution shapes individual language abilities in present-day humans.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Epigenetic Signatures in Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins Discordant for Orofacial Clefts.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same journal

Tissue MicroRNAs in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review of Studies in Human Myocardium and Animal Models with Implications for Post-Mortem Molecular Diagnostics.

Genes·2026
Same journal

Genetic Variants and Dental Caries Susceptibility: An Umbrella Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis.

Genes·2026
Same journal

Generative AI and Language Models in Human Genetics and Health: From Variant Interpretation to Clinical Decision Support.

Genes·2026
Same journal

Familial White-Sutton Syndrome Caused by a Pathogenic POGZ p.Arg508* Variant: Intrafamilial Variability from Childhood to Adulthood.

Genes·2026
Same journal

Genetic Influence on LDL-Cholesterol Levels: Role of Polygenic Risk Scores and Lp(a) Beyond Monogenic Hypercholesterolemia.

Genes·2026
Same journal

THBS1 as a Key Regulator of Myoblasts: Validation of Its Inhibitory Roles in Skeletal Muscle Development.

Genes·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus
09:26

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus

Published on: November 6, 2014

9.8K

Gene-by-Environment Interactions Involving Maternal Exposures with Orofacial Cleft Risk in Filipinos.

Zeynep Erdogan-Yildirim1, Jenna C Carlson2,3, Nandita Mukhopadhyay1

  • 1Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.

Genes
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explored gene-environment interactions for cleft lip and palate (CL/P) in Filipino mothers. While no significant genome-wide interactions were found, suggestive links between maternal smoking, vitamin use, and CL/P risk genes were identified.

Keywords:
Philippinescleft lip with or without cleft palategene–environment interactionmaternal exposurenon-syndromic

More Related Videos

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants
08:12

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Published on: March 29, 2018

10.2K
Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
13:11

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain

Published on: July 12, 2012

18.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus
09:26

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus

Published on: November 6, 2014

9.8K
Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants
08:12

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Published on: March 29, 2018

10.2K
Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
13:11

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain

Published on: July 12, 2012

18.9K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Birth Defects Research
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Maternal exposures significantly impact the risk of isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P).
  • CL/P is a common, highly heritable birth defect with a complex, multifactorial etiology.
  • Understanding gene-environment interactions is crucial for identifying CL/P risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel genetic risk loci for CL/P through genome-wide gene-environment interaction (GEI) analysis.
  • To investigate the interaction between maternal smoking, vitamin use, and CL/P risk in a Filipino population.
  • To evaluate potential GEI effects using multiple statistical testing frameworks.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide gene-environment interaction (GEI) analysis was performed on 540 CL/P cases and 260 controls.
  • Maternal smoking and vitamin use were analyzed as environmental exposures.
  • Multiple testing frameworks, including 1df GxE, 3df joint test, and EDGE, were applied to assess GEI effects.

Main Results:

  • No genome-wide significant interactions were detected for CL/P.
  • Eleven suggestive GEIs with maternal smoking and 24 with vitamin use were identified.
  • Notable smoking-associated loci included genes near FEZF1, TWIST2, and NET1; vitamin-associated loci included CECR2 and FURIN, with potential folic acid influence.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal exposures play a critical role in identifying genes associated with structural birth defects like CL/P.
  • The findings provide new avenues for exploring the genetic underpinnings of CL/P.
  • Further research into specific gene-environment interactions can enhance understanding of CL/P etiology.