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Related Concept Videos

Superplasticizers01:30

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Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
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Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
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Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
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Concrete's susceptibility to water absorption is due to the capillary action within the pores of its hydrated cement paste. This action draws water in, creating the need for waterproofing admixtures to prevent such penetration. The efficacy of these admixtures is contingent upon the water pressure, with variations arising from different conditions such as rain, capillary rise, or hydrostatic pressure in structures intended to hold water.
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Riboflavin as a Dual-Function Additive for Enhancing Biodegradation in Piezoelectric PLA/BT Composites.

Natalia Puszczykowska1, Piotr Rytlewski1, Agnieszka Mirkowska2

  • 1Faculty of Materials Engineering, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Riboflavin (RF) enhances the biodegradation of poly(lactic acid)/barium titanate (PLA/BT) piezoelectric composites. This modification promotes microbial growth and controlled resorption for biomedical implants without sacrificing electromechanical properties.

Keywords:
BaTiO3PLAbiodegradationpiezoelectric biomaterialspiezoelectric compositesriboflavin

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Materials Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Poly(lactic acid)/barium titanate (PLA/BT) composites offer piezoelectric properties suitable for bone tissue engineering.
  • Limited biodegradability of PLA/BT hinders the resorption of biomedical implants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate riboflavin (RF) as a dual-function additive to enhance biodegradation in PLA/BT composites.
  • To evaluate the impact of RF on the electromechanical properties and resorption of PLA/BT composites for biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • PLA/BT composites were modified with riboflavin (RF).
  • Characterization included thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile testing, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), dielectric permittivity, and piezoelectric coefficient (d33) measurements.
  • Biodegradation was assessed via mass loss and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for microbial colonization and surface changes.

Main Results:

  • RF addition significantly increased microbial colonization and mass loss (up to 16% in 28 days) compared to unmodified PLA/BT.
  • PLA/BT/RF composites maintained functional piezoelectricity (d33 ≈ 3.9 pC/N).
  • SEM confirmed intensified microbial activity and surface deterioration on RF-modified samples post-biodegradation.

Conclusions:

  • Riboflavin effectively enhances the biodegradation of PLA/BT piezoelectric composites.
  • Controlled resorption can be achieved without compromising essential electromechanical performance.
  • These findings support the use of RF-modified PLA-based piezoelectric composites for resorbable biomedical implants.