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Related Concept Videos

Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength01:12

Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength

193
The rebound hammer test, also known as the Schmidt hammer test, is a non-destructive technique for evaluating the hardness of concrete and, indirectly, the strength of concrete. It operates on the principle that the rebound of a spring-driven mass from a concrete surface correlates to the surface's hardness. The device comprises a mass within a tubular housing, a spring mechanism, and a plunger that strikes the concrete. Upon release, the energy imparted to the mass by the spring causes it...
193
Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete01:16

Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete

539
The dynamic modulus of elasticity assesses how a concrete structure deforms under impact or dynamic loads. It is typically higher than the static modulus of elasticity, measured under slow, steady loading conditions.
The sonic test is a common method to determine the dynamic modulus. In this test, a concrete beam, sized either 6 x 6 x 30 inches or 4 x 4 x 20 inches, is clamped at its center. Vibrations are initiated at one end of the beam by an electromagnetic exciter unit powered by...
539
Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

205
Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
205
Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load01:23

Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load

268
Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
268
Relation Between Tensile Strength and Compressive Strength of Concrete01:30

Relation Between Tensile Strength and Compressive Strength of Concrete

347
Concrete is a fundamental building material, and understanding its strengths is crucial for construction projects. The relationship between its tensile and compressive strengths is intricate, showing that while these strengths are related, they do not increase at the same rate. Tensile strength's growth is slower and is affected by various factors such as the methods used for testing, the size and shape of the specimen, the texture of the aggregate used, and the moisture content of the...
347
Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete01:16

Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete

194
Considering the tensile strength of concrete involves recognizing that the theoretical strength of cement paste can be up to a thousand times higher than what is observed in practical applications. This significant discrepancy is largely attributed to the presence of microscopic cracks within the concrete. These cracks tend to amplify stress at their tips when a load is applied, a phenomenon explained by Griffith's theory of brittle fracture.
The dimensions and shape of a concrete specimen...
194

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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Ultrasonic Welding of Thermoplastic Composite Coupons for Mechanical Characterization of Welded Joints through Single Lap Shear Testing
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High-Performance Capacitive Ultrasonic Transducer for Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete Compressive Strength.

Wangyang Zhang1, Jiaqian Yang1, Lei Ren1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education, International Research and Development Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (CMUTs) offer a novel method for assessing concrete strength. This ultrasonic testing approach accurately predicts compressive strength using the time of flight of ultrasonic waves, proving effective for structural health monitoring.

Keywords:
CMUTsconcrete compressive strengthtime of flightultrasonic non-destructive testing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Traditional ultrasonic transducers face limitations in size, bandwidth, and sensitivity for concrete strength assessment.
  • These limitations hinder the practical application of ultrasonic non-destructive testing in real-world engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (CMUTs) for non-destructive evaluation of concrete compressive strength.
  • To address the challenges posed by conventional ultrasonic transducer technology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized COMSOL Multiphysics for simulations to establish the correlation between ultrasonic wave time of flight and concrete compressive strength.
  • Conducted experimental validation using ultrasonic measurements and standard compressive strength tests on concrete specimens.
  • Extracted the time of the first highest-amplitude wave (T_FHAW) as a key characteristic parameter.

Main Results:

  • A strong correlation was observed between the time of flight of ultrasonic waves and concrete compressive strength.
  • Demonstrated a clear linear inverse relationship between T_FHAW and compressive strength, with R² = 0.99.
  • Confirmed the accuracy and reliability of CMUT-based ultrasonic testing for concrete strength prediction.

Conclusions:

  • CMUT technology provides a compact, cost-effective, and highly sensitive solution for ultrasonic non-destructive testing.
  • CMUT-based ultrasonic testing is an effective and precise method for the non-destructive prediction of concrete compressive strength.
  • This approach is well-suited for integration and real-time field applications in structural health monitoring.