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Related Concept Videos

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

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Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
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Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
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Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
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Blood pressure measurement is a fundamental clinical procedure, providing crucial data for assessing cardiovascular health. Among the various sites for this measurement, the brachial and popliteal arteries are predominantly utilized due to their accessibility and the reliability of their readings. This lesson delves into the anatomical significance, methodology, and considerations of measuring blood pressure at these locations.
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Direct Method
This invasive approach involves cannulating a peripheral artery. During each cardiac contraction, pressure generates mechanical motion within the catheter, transmitted through rigid, fluid-filled tubing to a transducer. This transducer converts mechanical motion into electrical signals displayed as waveforms on a monitor. An automatic flushing system prevents blood backflow. Due to the potential risk of unexpected arterial blood loss, this method is primarily used in intensive...
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When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
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Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Video Movement Analysis Using Smartphones ViMAS: A Pilot Study
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Single Shot High-Accuracy Diameter at Breast Height Measurement with Smartphone Embedded Sensors.

Wang Xiang1, Songlin Fei2, Song Zhang1

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method for estimating tree diameter at breast height (DBH) using an iPhone 13 Pro. The novel approach utilizes built-in LiDAR and RGB sensors for accurate and user-friendly forest measurements.

Keywords:
LiDARRGBdiameter at breast height (DBH)single shotsmart phone

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Area of Science:

  • Forestry
  • Remote Sensing
  • Computer Vision

Background:

  • Accurate tree diameter at breast height (DBH) estimation is crucial for forest inventory and management.
  • Traditional DBH measurement methods can be time-consuming and require specialized tools.
  • Advancements in mobile sensor technology offer potential for more accessible forest measurement solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for estimating tree DBH using the integrated LiDAR and RGB sensors of an iPhone 13 Pro.
  • To enhance the accuracy and field usability of DBH measurements in forest settings.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of using consumer-grade mobile devices for precise forest mensuration.

Main Methods:

  • A single snapshot captures depth (LiDAR) and RGB images to generate a 3D point cloud of the tree.
  • Trunk orientation is estimated from the point cloud to accurately locate breast height (1.3m).
  • Initial DBH estimation uses geometric relationships, refined with a pre-computed lookup table (LUT) for improved accuracy.

Main Results:

  • The method achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.53 cm and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.63 cm.
  • Successful DBH estimation was demonstrated across a range of tree sizes and capture distances (0.25 m to 5 m).
  • The approach proved robust to variations in capture angle, independent of user positioning.

Conclusions:

  • The iPhone 13 Pro's LiDAR and RGB sensors provide a viable tool for accurate and efficient tree DBH estimation.
  • This technology offers a significant improvement in field usability for forest inventory and management applications.
  • The developed method represents a cost-effective and accessible alternative to traditional forest measurement techniques.