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Assessing Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements Using Eye-Tracking Technology in Patients with Schizophrenia Under Treatment:

Luis Benigno Contreras-Chávez1, Valdemar Emigdio Arce-Guevara1, Luis Fernando Guerrero1

  • 1CI3M Lab, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, Mexico.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Eye-tracking metrics can differentiate schizophrenia patients from healthy individuals. This pilot study shows high accuracy in identifying smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) differences, potentially aiding clinical assessment.

Keywords:
SVMclassificationeye movementpsychiatric disordertrajectory analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is a complex disorder impacting cognitive functions like attention, memory, and visual processing.
  • Smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) abnormalities are linked to cognitive deficits in schizophrenia but are challenging to assess clinically.
  • Limited clinical tools exist for evaluating SPEM and its relation to schizophrenia treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if quantitative eye-tracking metrics can distinguish between treated schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.
  • To explore the potential of gaze trajectory analysis for assessing smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involving nine schizophrenia patients and nine healthy controls.
  • Eye-tracking recorded gaze trajectories during a controlled visual tracking task.
  • Spatiotemporal analysis of gaze features (polygonal area, colocalities, direction difference) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in all computed gaze trajectory indexes between groups.
  • High classification accuracy (around 90%) for distinguishing schizophrenia patients from healthy controls.
  • Demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating the two groups.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative eye-tracking metrics derived from gaze trajectories show promise in differentiating schizophrenia patients.
  • The findings suggest the potential development of a novel clinical tool for evaluating SPEM in schizophrenia.
  • This tool could aid in assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for schizophrenia.