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Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis of Macular Edema Across Disease Spectra
Renu Magdum1, Priyanka Sangram Aher1, Tushar Pancholi2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Introduction:
Macular edema (ME) is a leading cause of visual impairment associated with various retinal pathologies. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides high-resolution imaging, allowing detailed assessment of ME patterns and structural changes.
Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution and characteristics of ME across different etiologies using SD-OCT.
Materials And Methods:
This cross-sectional observational study included patients with ME from diverse etiologies. SD-OCT was used to assess central macular thickness, retinal volume, cystoid spaces (CS), epiretinal membrane (ERM), hyperreflective foci, and disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL).
Results:
A total of 54% of the study participants were female, with a mean age of 57 years. Diabetes mellitus (50.4%) was the most common etiology, followed by retinal vein occlusions, age-related macular degeneration, ERM, and inflammatory causes. CS were observed in 49.6% of cases, and DRIL in 48%. Severe visual impairment was more frequent in diabetic and vaso-occlusive cases.
Conclusion:
SD-OCT effectively identifies structural patterns in ME across etiologies, assisting in diagnosis and management planning.
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