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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Do immediate judgments of learning alter memory performance? A meta-analytical review

Franziska Ingendahl1, Vered Halamish2, Monika Undorf1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Technical University of Darmstadt.

Psychological Bulletin
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Making immediate judgments of learning (JOLs) can improve memory performance. However, the effect of JOLs on memory depends on factors like item relatedness and experimental design, requiring refined theories for understanding JOL reactivity.

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