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[Thyroid and C-cell system function during prolonged rotation (morphobiochemical research)].

G I Plakhuta-Plakutina, E A Savina, B V Afonin

    Kosmicheskaia Biologiia I Aviakosmicheskaia Meditsina
    |November 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Centrifugation increased thyroid C-cell activity and thyro-calcitonin (TCT) in rats, with effects lasting post-rotation. Parathyroid glands remained unchanged, showing no impact on parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Physiology
    • Gravitational Biology

    Background:

    • Thyroid C-cells produce thyro-calcitonin (TCT), a hormone involved in calcium regulation.
    • The effects of altered gravitational forces on endocrine glands are not fully understood.
    • Previous research suggests potential impacts of G-force on hormonal systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the histological and biochemical effects of centrifugation on rat thyroid and parathyroid glands.
    • To determine the impact of sustained G-force exposure on thyro-calcitonin (TCT) synthesis and plasma levels.
    • To assess changes in parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration under simulated high-gravity conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Histological examination of thyroid and parathyroid tissues from Wistar rats.

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  • Biochemical analysis of plasma for TCT and PTH concentrations.
  • Exposure of rats to controlled centrifugation at 1.1 G and 2.0 G for 30 days, followed by a 7-day recovery period.

    • Main Results:

    • Centrifugation significantly increased C-cell activity, indicated by degranulation and elevated TCT synthesis and excretion.
    • Plasma TCT levels showed a two-fold increase in centrifuged rats.
    • No significant morphological changes were observed in parathyroid glands, and plasma PTH levels remained unaffected.

    Conclusions:

    • Sustained centrifugation at 1.1 G and 2.0 G stimulates the TCT-producing system in rat thyroid C-cells.
    • The observed increase in TCT synthesis and excretion persists for at least 7 days post-centrifugation.
    • The parathyroid glands and PTH secretion are not affected by the tested G-force conditions.