Hybrid DNA Origami - Graphene Platform for Electrically-Gated Nanoscale Motion

We present a proof-of-principle device for axial high-resolution operation that combines a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) origami with a functionalized graphene layer, analyzed by nanoscopy. Along the DNA origami structure, we bind ATTO-488 fluorophores at specific distances from graphene, from where we expect specific fluorescence lifetime values due to nearfield energy transfer processes. These are characterized by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM). Through modulation of the electrostatic potential of graphene under electrical gating, we observe changes in the fluorescence lifetimes. These are understood as the result of changed energy transfer coupling conditions between the fluorophore and graphene's electronic states, combined with a vertical displacement of the DNA origami structure that matches molecular dimensions. We provide a hybrid architecture whose nanoscale operation depends on the applied voltage regime. A potential application of these findings may be envisioned for biocompatible sensing approaches, in medical or environmental sensing.