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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Single-component-based multicolor emissions enabled by symmetry breaking.

Simin Lin1, Xubin Wang1, Huisi Li1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Concept Sensors and Molecular Materials, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel molecular symmetry-breaking strategy for single-component systems to achieve excitation-dependent multicolor emission. This breakthrough enables advanced luminescent materials and sensors for chemical detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Photophysics

Background:

  • Achieving excitation-dependent multicolor emission from single-component systems, independent of aggregation, is a significant challenge in materials science.
  • Existing methods often struggle with innovative principles to control emission properties based on excitation wavelength.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a molecular symmetry-breaking strategy to enable a single molecule to exhibit excitation-dependent multicolor emissions.
  • To design and synthesize a novel star-shaped molecule (Ph-3CP) for this purpose.
  • To demonstrate the application of this molecule in developing a single-component fluorescence sensor array.

Main Methods:

  • Design and synthesis of a star-shaped molecule, 1,3,5-(4-tert-butylphenyl-o-carboranyl-4-phenyl)benzene (Ph-3CP).
  • Investigation of emission properties across solution, amorphous, and crystalline states.
  • Crystallization from different solvents to trap distinct conformers.
  • Theoretical calculations to predict symmetry-breaking structures.
  • Structure-property relationship studies to understand relaxation pathways.
  • Development of a single-component fluorescence sensor array.

Main Results:

  • The designed Ph-3CP molecule exhibits a broad excitation-dependent emission range of nearly 175 nm.
  • Distinct asymmetric conformers were trapped via crystallization, confirmed by theoretical calculations.
  • Two distinct relaxation pathways were identified as dominant in the emission behavior.
  • A single-component fluorescence sensor array was successfully developed for chlorinated hydrocarbon vapor detection.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular symmetry-breaking is an effective strategy for designing multifunctional luminescent materials.
  • Excited-state engineering through controlled asymmetry allows for tunable multicolor emission from a single chemical entity.
  • This approach offers a pathway for developing advanced sensors and optical materials.