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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Deciphering transcriptomic changes in chemobrain: a comprehensive review.

Tusar Kanta Acharya1, Yuan Pan1,2,3, Peter M Grace1,3

  • 1Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Acta Neuropathologica Communications
|August 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments (CICI) affect cancer survivors

Keywords:
CICIChemo brainChemotherapyCognitive dysfunctionTranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Oncology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments (CICI), or "chemobrain," are a significant side effect for cancer survivors.
  • These impairments affect memory, multitasking, and overall quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms of CICI, focusing on transcriptomic data.
  • To understand the link between chemotherapy agents and cognitive dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing
  • cDNA microarrays
  • Single-cell transcriptomics
  • Spatial transcriptomics

Main Results:

  • Transcriptomic analyses reveal altered gene expression profiles in CICI.
  • Key implicated mechanisms include blood-brain barrier disruption, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress.
  • Specific chemotherapy agents like doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel are associated with CICI.

Conclusions:

  • Transcriptomics offers crucial insights into CICI pathophysiology.
  • Developing single-cell atlases and spatial transcriptomics can reveal cellular heterogeneity and gene expression dynamics.
  • Integrating transcriptomic findings with clinical data is vital for personalized interventions to improve survivors' cognitive health.