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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

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Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
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Circular RNAs in Heart Diseases.

Tingting Yang1,2, Michail Spanos3,4, Wensi Wan1,2

  • 1Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong) and School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Nantong, China.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key regulators in cardiovascular diseases. Research highlights their roles in conditions like cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial infarction, offering potential as diagnostic biomarkers.

Keywords:
BiomarkersCardiovascular diseasesCircular RNAs

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In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
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In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are formed by precursor mRNA back-splicing, featuring a unique 3',5'-phosphodiester bond.
  • They are classified as exonic, exonic-intronic, or intronic, and participate in various biological processes.
  • circRNAs play roles as miRNA sponges, modulate protein synthesis with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), influence gene expression, and can be translated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in understanding circRNAs within the cardiovascular system.
  • To review the involvement of circRNAs in cardiovascular diseases, including hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, and fibrosis.
  • To explore the clinical utility of circRNAs as biomarkers for cardiovascular conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on circRNAs in cardiovascular biology and disease.
  • Analysis of identified circRNAs and their functional mechanisms in cardiovascular processes.
  • Examination of studies investigating circRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Main Results:

  • Numerous circRNAs are identified in the cardiovascular system, impacting development and disease regulation.
  • circRNAs are implicated in pathological cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, dilated cardiomyopathy, and cardiac fibrosis.
  • circRNAs show promise as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions:

  • circRNAs are significant players in cardiovascular health and disease pathogenesis.
  • Further research into circRNAs could lead to novel therapeutic strategies and improved diagnostic tools for cardiovascular conditions.
  • The unique properties of circRNAs position them as valuable targets for clinical applications in cardiology.