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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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Related Experiment Video

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Direct Mouse Trauma/Burn Model of Heterotopic Ossification
07:01

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A difficult conversion of heterotopic ossification to total hip replacement.

Bishnu Prasad Patro1, Mainak Roy2, Abhijith K Jayan1

  • 1Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

BMJ Case Reports
|August 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is abnormal bone growth in soft tissues. Surgical excision and total hip replacement (THR) effectively treated severe hip HO, restoring patient function.

Keywords:
Orthopaedic and trauma surgeryOrthopaedics

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Heterotopic ossification (HO) involves abnormal bone formation in soft tissues, frequently affecting the hip after neurological injury.
  • Management options for hip HO range from conservative treatments to surgical interventions like total hip replacement (THR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a successful surgical management of severe heterotopic ossification of the hip.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of surgical excision and THR with a dual mobility prosthesis in restoring hip function.

Main Methods:

  • A case report of a young adult male with Brooker grade 4 HO of the left hip.
  • Surgical excision of heterotopic bone from the acetabulum and proximal femur.
  • Total hip replacement (THR) using a dual mobility prosthesis.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with severe restriction of hip motion due to extensive heterotopic ossification.
  • Post-operative follow-up at 6 months and 1 year showed significant improvements in pain.
  • Marked improvements in range of motion and functional outcomes were observed post-surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical excision of heterotopic ossification combined with total hip replacement offers a viable treatment for severe hip involvement.
  • Dual mobility prostheses may provide favorable outcomes in managing complex hip reconstructions following HO.