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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

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Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

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The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Microbial Fermentation01:23

Microbial Fermentation

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Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
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Global Regulatory Systems01:28

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Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...
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Capturing Actively Produced Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds from Human-Associated Samples with Vacuum-Assisted Sorbent Extraction
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Capturing Actively Produced Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds from Human-Associated Samples with Vacuum-Assisted Sorbent Extraction

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Decoding microbial volatile signals in host-microbiome crosstalk.

Andrea Dell'Olio1, Franco Biasioli2, Vincenzo Fogliano3

  • 1Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen 6708 WG, The Netherlands; Sensory Quality Unit, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via Edmund Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige 38098, Italy.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|August 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human gut microbiome produces microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) that impact host health. Volatilomics studies these compounds to reveal their roles in gut microbial communication and host signaling.

Keywords:
host–microbe communicationintestinal healthmicrobial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs)volatilomics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Metabolomics
  • Human Health

Background:

  • The human gut microbiome significantly influences host health and disease.
  • Research is shifting from microbial taxonomy to understanding the functional roles of microbial metabolites.
  • Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) are key signaling molecules in the gut ecosystem.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of mVOCs within the human gut.
  • To highlight the application of volatilomics in studying gut microbial metabolites.
  • To explore the signaling and regulatory roles of mVOCs in host-microbe interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of existing literature on gut mVOCs.
  • Discussion of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo volatilomics approaches.
  • Analysis of studies investigating microbial volatile metabolite production and function.

Main Results:

  • mVOCs are involved in bacterial communication and microbe-host signaling.
  • Volatilomics provides a powerful platform for identifying and characterizing mVOCs.
  • These compounds have the potential to regulate host metabolism and physiological processes.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding mVOCs is crucial for elucidating gut microbiome functionality.
  • Integrated volatilomics approaches are essential for uncovering the biological significance of these molecules.
  • Further research into mVOCs can lead to novel insights into gut health and disease management.