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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Robotic Mirror Therapy System for Functional Recovery of Hemiplegic Arms
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Systemic effect of different physiological parameter associated with mirror syndrome.

Shaibal Chandra1, Sampurna Chowdhury1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Bengal School of Technology, Chuchura, West Bengal, India.

The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research
|September 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Mirror syndrome involves systemic effects impacting placental function and maternal-fetal health. Early detection and management are vital for improving outcomes in pregnant individuals.

Keywords:
clinical management in gestationinflammatory cytokinesmirror syndromeplacental growth factorplacental perfusion

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Mirror syndrome presents complex systemic repercussions during pregnancy.
  • It involves physiological indicators affecting both maternal and fetal well-being.
  • Understanding these interrelationships is crucial for effective clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the systemic effects of physiological indicators in mirror syndrome.
  • To explore the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors.
  • To assess the impact on placental function, endothelial damage, and maternal-fetal health.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative literature review was conducted.
  • Databases searched included PubMed and Google Scholar.
  • Keywords: "Mirror Syndrome," "triple edema," "fetal hydrops," "endotoxemia"; 76 articles identified, 26 case studies analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Mirror syndrome causes placental insufficiency, endothelial damage, and disrupted angiogenic factors (PlGF, VEGF).
  • Clinical manifestations include hypertension, edema, and renal failure.
  • Case studies revealed causes: twin pregnancies (38.46%), rhesus isoimmunization (23.07%), viral infections (19.23%), and others (19.23%).

Conclusions:

  • Early detection and prompt management of mirror syndrome are critical.
  • Regular monitoring of blood pressure and health status is essential.
  • Delivery may be indicated based on clinical circumstances to improve maternal and fetal outcomes.