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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

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Essential Role of Clathrin and Lipid Rafts in pH-dependent Entry of Chandipura Virus: Independence From Caveolin

Ritudhwaj Tiwari1, Anurag Mishra2, Sheeba Rehman3

  • 1Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology  Indore, Indore, MP, India.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|September 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Chandipura virus (CHPV) enters host cells via a clathrin-dependent pathway that requires lipid rafts and acidic endosomes. Understanding these entry mechanisms is crucial for developing new antivirals against this neurotropic pathogen.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Chandipura virus (CHPV) is an emerging neurotropic pathogen causing acute encephalitis in children, primarily in India.
  • The mechanisms of CHPV host cell entry are not well understood, hindering the development of targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific pathways utilized by CHPV for entry into host cells.
  • To elucidate the role of cellular components like clathrin, lipid rafts, and endosomal pH in CHPV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pharmacological inhibitors in Vero cells to block specific cellular pathways.
  • Analyzed the impact of these inhibitors on CHPV entry and infection progression.

Main Results:

  • CHPV entry was found to be dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
  • The virus entry process requires intact lipid rafts but does not involve caveolin-mediated endocytosis.
  • CHPV entry is pH-dependent, indicating the importance of endosomal acidification for viral uncoating.

Conclusions:

  • CHPV utilizes a clathrin-dependent and pH-sensitive entry pathway.
  • Lipid rafts play a critical role in CHPV cell entry.
  • These findings provide insights for developing host-targeted antivirals against CHPV.

Keywords:
Chandipura Virus (CHPV)caveolae pathwayendocytosislipid raftspH-Dependent entry

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