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Mobile text messages modestly improved glycemic control and reduced systolic blood pressure in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease risk factors. This intervention offers a potential strategy for managing T2D and its complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Controlling modifiable cardiovascular risk factors is crucial for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) but remains underutilized.
  • Mobile message-based interventions show promise for addressing this gap but require more evidence on their effectiveness for multiple risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of a mobile message-based intervention in managing cardiovascular risk factors among T2D patients.
  • To evaluate the intervention's impact on glycemic control (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and systolic blood pressure (SBP).

Main Methods:

  • A randomized clinical trial involving adults with uncontrolled T2D and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in China.
  • Participants received either usual care or a 12-month intervention with 6 weekly text messages focused on behavior change for glycemic control and CVD risk management.
  • Primary outcomes included changes in HbA1c, LDL-C, and SBP; secondary outcomes included controlled HbA1c rates. Data were analyzed using the intention-to-treat principle.

Main Results:

  • The intervention group showed significant reductions in HbA1c (-2.8%) and SBP (-2.5 mm Hg) compared to baseline.
  • While LDL-C also decreased, the net difference between groups was not statistically significant.
  • A higher percentage of participants in the intervention group achieved controlled HbA1c levels (54.0% vs. 46.1%).

Conclusions:

  • A mobile message-based intervention led to modest improvements in HbA1c and SBP for adults with T2D and CVD risk factors.
  • These findings support the consideration of mobile messaging strategies for enhancing glycemic control and managing CVD risk in T2D patients.