Resveratrol as a naturally occurring inflammasome modulator: Implications for health and disease

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of diverse diseases, ranging from chronic disorders to acute inflammatory responses. Inflammasome, a multiprotein complex that controls the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and initiates immunological responses, has emerged as a critical regulator of inflammation. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic substance present in grapes, berries, and peanuts, has drawn significant attention due to its potential health benefits. The purpose of this review article is to investigate the role of resveratrol as a naturally occurring inflammasome modulator as well as its implications for health and illness. The present review provides a comprehensive summary of the current evidence on the effects of resveratrol on inflammasome activation and regulation, highlighting in vitro and in vivo studies investigating the effect of resveratrol on different inflammasome pathways. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms through which resveratrol affects the nervous system and cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, digestive, and reproductive system disorders are discussed. The extant evidence suggests that various mechanisms are involved in the therapeutic effects of resveratrol, including inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent release of IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, activating the Nrf2 pathway, and preventing NF-κB signaling. However, further research is required to determine the therapeutic significance of resveratrol in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory disorders, particularly in clinical practice, as well as to completely unravel the specific molecular processes behind these properties. In conclusion, resveratrol is a promising naturally occurring inflammasome modulator that has the potential to reduce inflammation and related diseases.