In vitro anticancer potential of selenocyanate-containing dihydropyrimidinone compounds against glioma

The strategy of designing a multifunctional compound through molecular hybridization, with two or more pharmacophores within the same molecule, has been extensively used in the development of new drugs for multifactorial diseases, such as cancer. In this context, prior evidence suggested that both dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) and selenocompounds possess potential antitumoral activity through different mechanisms. Here, we established a preliminary in vitro screening, with eleven DHPMs bearing a selenocyanate group at the C6 position (Se-DHPMs) and demonstrated their potential against C6 and U251 glioma cell lines. We elucidate mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of Se-DHPMs compounds, notably QM50. These mechanisms include the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, induction of G1-phase cell cycle arrest, promotion of apoptosis, and increase of acidic vesicular organelles. Additionally, QM50 stands out as a new potential agent or coadjuvant therapy in cancer treatment due to its potent activity, lack of toxicity, and potential antioxidant activity.