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Related Concept Videos

Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
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Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Measurement of Protein Turnover Rates in Senescent and Non-Dividing Cultured Cells with Metabolic Labeling and Mass Spectrometry
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Integrative Transcriptomic Analysis Decodes the Interplay Between Aging, Senescence, and Cancer.

Jiale Cai1, Deng Wu1, Dahua Xu1

  • 1College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.

Cancer Science
|September 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular senescence acts as a natural barrier against cancer, despite aging creating a tumor-promoting environment. This study reveals opposing gene expression patterns in aging versus cancer at the single-cell level.

Keywords:
agingcancercellular senescenceepithelial cellssingle‐cell resolution

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Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts
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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Epigenomics
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • Cancer risk escalates with age, with cellular senescence implicated in carcinogenesis.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding normal aging, cellular senescence, and cancer at the single-cell level.
  • Aging's impact on cellular processes and tumor development requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare normal aging, cellular senescence, and cancer using single-cell resolution.
  • To investigate the relationship between aging, senescence, and tumorigenesis.
  • To identify transcriptional and epigenomic differences across these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated analysis of genomics, epigenomics, and bulk and single-cell transcriptomics.
  • Definition of 648 aging-dependent senescence-associated coregulated modules (SACMs) across 17 tissues.
  • Single-cell analysis to determine the impact of aging on various cell types.

Main Results:

  • Directionally opposite transcriptional profiles between cellular senescence and tumorigenesis identified at the single-cell level.
  • Aging primarily impacts endothelial cells, T cells, epithelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts.
  • Opposing gene expression changes in aging and cancer observed in endothelial, fibroblast, and epithelial cells.
  • Decreased immune cell self-renewal with aging is reversed in epithelial carcinoma.
  • Senescence-associated coregulated modules disproportionately affect reproductive systems.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular senescence functions as a natural barrier against tumor formation.
  • Aging-related systemic changes create a protumorigenic milieu.
  • Epigenomic regulations may influence the opposing transcriptional profiles observed between senescence and tumorigenesis.