Postoperative Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis Following Meningioma Resection: Mechanistic Insights

This case report highlights a rare association between anti-NMDAR encephalitis and meningioma, where the patient developed typical autoimmune encephalitis symptoms shortly after tumor resection. Unlike the well-established link with ovarian teratomas, meningioma-associated cases may involve indirect immune mechanisms, such as molecular mimicry or bystander activation, rather than direct antigen exposure. The findings emphasize the need for postoperative autoimmune screening in neurosurgical patients with unexplained neuropsychiatric symptoms.