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Updated: Sep 9, 2025
![The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F54498.jpg&w=3840&q=50)
The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
Published on: November 28, 2016
Controllable syntheses of two structurally new {AsW9O33}-mediated silver alkynyl clusters
Qingqing Liu1, Yeqin Feng1, Tianfu Liu1
1MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectric/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China. liutf@bit.edu.cn.
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In this work, two structurally new silver alkynyl clusters, [(AsW9O33)2@Ag48(NO3)6(tBuCC)24(DMF)6]·3CH3CN (1) and [(AsW9O33)2@Ag56(NO3)4Cl2(tBuCC)32]n (2), were successfully synthesized using the trilacunary B-α-[AsW9O33]9- as an anionic template via a facile one-pot solvothermal approach. The molecular structures of clusters 1 and 2 can be controlled using different mixed reaction solvents. Compounds 1 and 2 also demonstrate efficient photothermal conversion properties and notable catalytic activities towards the detoxification of 4-nitrophenol.
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Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides
Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Halogenation
Halogenation is another class of electrophilic addition reactions where a halogen molecule gets added across a π bond. In alkynes, the presence of two π bonds allows for the addition of two equivalents of halogens (bromine or chlorine). The addition of the first halogen molecule forms a trans-dihaloalkene as the major product and the cis isomer as the minor product. Subsequent addition of the second equivalent yields the tetrahalide.
Acidity of 1-Alkynes
The acidic strength of hydrocarbons follows the order: Alkynes > Alkenes > Alkanes. The strength of an acid is commonly expressed in units of pKa — the lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. Among the hydrocarbons, terminal alkynes have lower pKa values and are, therefore, more acidic. For example, the pKa values for ethane, ethene, and acetylene are 51, 44, and 25, respectively, as shown here.
Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
Formation of Complex Ions
Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

