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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
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Optically induced spin Hall current in monolayer Janus NbSSe: a first-principles study.

Souren Adhikary1, Tomoaki Kameda1, Katsunori Wakabayashi1,2,3

  • 1Department of Nanotechnology for Sustainable Energy, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
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Summary

This study reveals how metallic Janus NbSSe exhibits unique spin-orbit couplings, enabling optical control of spin currents. This material is key for developing tunable spin-current sources in optospintronics.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Monolayer Janus transition-metal dichalcogenides exhibit unique spin-orbit couplings (SOC).
  • These couplings lead to spin splitting effects at critical points in the material's electronic structure.
  • Understanding these phenomena is crucial for advanced electronic and spintronic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spin-orbit coupling characteristics in metallic Janus Niobium Diselenide (NbSSe).
  • To demonstrate the potential of NbSSe for optically controlled spin current generation.
  • To explore the selective control of spin current components using polarized light.

Main Methods:

  • First-principles calculations were employed to analyze the electronic and spin properties of NbSSe.
  • Symmetry analysis of the system was performed to understand light-matter interactions.
  • Simulations explored the generation of spin currents via optical excitation.

Main Results:

  • The study identified both Ising- and Rashba-type spin-orbit couplings in monolayer Janus NbSSe.
  • Distinct spin splitting effects were observed across a wide energy range.
  • Selective generation of spin currents with specific spin components was demonstrated using linearly polarized light.

Conclusions:

  • Metallic Janus NbSSe possesses significant spin-orbit coupling properties.
  • NbSSe shows great promise for applications in optospintronics.
  • The material offers a pathway for developing polarization-tunable spin-current sources for next-generation technologies.