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Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...

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Systemic Toxicity of L-Mimosine in Rabbits: A Non-Rodent Model for Safety Assessment.

S M Ferreira¹, H Zapparoli², C S Mussi¹

¹Research Centre for Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX) - Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.

Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT

|September 4, 2025

Summary

L-mimosine, found in Leucaena leucocephala, caused dose-dependent organ damage in rabbits. This study highlights potential toxicity risks in monogastric species, particularly rabbits, from L-mimosine exposure.

Keywords:

Leucaena leucocephala Mimosa pudica histopathology lagomorph phytotoxin

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Area of Science:

Toxicology
Animal Nutrition
Biochemistry

Background:

L-mimosine is a non-protein amino acid abundant in Mimosoideae plants like Leucaena leucocephala.
These plants are utilized in human and animal nutrition and phytotherapy.
L-mimosine toxicity is well-documented in ruminants but largely unknown in monogastric species.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the subacute toxicological effects of L-mimosine in a non-rodent monogastric species.
To assess the impact of L-mimosine on rabbit health and organ systems.

Main Methods:

L-mimosine was extracted from L. leucocephala seeds.
Male rabbits were orally administered L-mimosine at 25, 40, and 60 mg/kg for 28 days.
Clinical, biochemical, hormonal, macroscopic, and histopathological analyses were performed.

Main Results:

No significant clinical, biochemical, hormonal, or macroscopic changes were observed.
Histopathological examination revealed dose-dependent lesions in the liver, kidneys, thyroid, and spleen.
Rabbits exhibited susceptibility to L-mimosine toxicity.

Conclusions:

Subacute L-mimosine exposure induces histopathological damage in rabbits.
Rabbits may be a sensitive model for studying L-mimosine toxicity in monogastric animals.
Further research is needed to understand the implications for animal feed and human health.