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Computed Tomography-guided Time-domain Diffuse Fluorescence Tomography in Small Animals for Localization of Cancer Biomarkers

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Near Infrared-Responsive Xanthene Probes for Dual-Mode Cancer Treatment and Bioimaging.

Junfeng Zhang¹, Lingyu Jin^2,3, Bin Xiao¹

¹College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.

Analytical Chemistry

|September 4, 2025

Summary

Two novel xanthene-based probes, JB-1 and JB-2, offer advanced capabilities for cancer diagnosis and treatment. These probes enable enhanced near-infrared fluorescence imaging and effective photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapies.

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A Bright NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for Vascular and Tumor Imaging

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Published on: March 17, 2023

Area of Science:

Organic Chemistry
Materials Science
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Cancer incidence is rising, necessitating innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Fluorescence imaging, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photothermal therapy (PTT) are promising cancer interventions.
Xanthene dyes are explored for their photophysical properties in biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop novel xanthene-based probes (JB-1 and JB-2) for cancer bioimaging and therapy.
To investigate the photophysical properties of JB-1 and JB-2, focusing on near-infrared (NIR) emission.
To evaluate the efficacy of JB-2 in combined photothermal and photodynamic cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of two D-π-A conjugated xanthene-based probes, JB-1 and JB-2.
Characterization of their absorption and emission spectra, including near-infrared regions.
Assessment of in vitro and in vivo bioimaging capabilities.
Evaluation of photothermal and photodynamic therapeutic effects of JB-2.

Main Results:

JB-1 exhibits strong emission at 750 nm (first NIR window) with a 117 nm red-shift compared to ICG.
JB-2 shows emission at 971 nm (second NIR region) and a shoulder peak at 1204 nm for superior resolution.
JB-2 demonstrates significant photothermal and photodynamic effects for cancer treatment.

Conclusions:

JB-1 and JB-2 are effective multifunctional probes for NIR bioimaging.
JB-2 shows potential as a dual-modal agent for cancer therapy (PDT and PTT) and imaging.
Design of xanthene dyes can be optimized for advanced cancer diagnosis and treatment applications.