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Perioperative period from a pediatric perspective: a mixed-methods study.

Selda Yüzer Alsaç1, Gökçen Aydın Akbuğa2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Türkiye.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
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Summary

Pediatric surgical patients aged 8-12 experience significant anxiety, particularly younger children and those undergoing genitourinary surgery. Preoperative information reduces this anxiety, highlighting the need for tailored perioperative support.

Keywords:
anxietychildmixed methodperioperative periodsurgery experience

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Child Psychology
  • Perioperative Care

Background:

  • Children undergoing surgery face significant anxiety.
  • Understanding perioperative experiences is crucial for addressing children's needs.
  • Limited research exists on the specific anxiety levels and needs of pediatric surgical patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify anxiety levels in children aged 8-12 undergoing surgery.
  • To explore children's perioperative experiences and emotional needs.
  • To identify factors influencing anxiety in pediatric surgical patients.

Main Methods:

  • Mixed-methods approach combining quantitative (State Anxiety Inventory for Children) and qualitative (in-depth interviews) data.
  • Study conducted in a public hospital's surgical ward (October 2023 - February 2024).
  • 126 pediatric patients participated in the quantitative phase, with 12 undergoing qualitative interviews.

Main Results:

  • Mean anxiety score was 38.39 ± 10.56; younger children and those with genitourinary surgery reported higher anxiety.
  • Informed children exhibited significantly lower anxiety scores (p < 0.003).
  • Qualitative themes included environmental impact, social support, and operating room expectations.

Conclusions:

  • Age, surgery type, and preoperative information significantly impact pediatric surgical anxiety.
  • Children's fear and anxiety are pervasive throughout the perioperative period.
  • Addressing environmental factors and providing social support are key to mitigating pediatric surgical anxiety.