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Lipidomic Signature of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Peripheral Artery Disease

Helena Beatriz Ferreira1, Tara van Merrienboer2,3,4, Inês M S Guerra1,5

  • 1Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

Journal of Proteome Research
|September 5, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Lipid profiles in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) reveal reduced phospholipids and plasmalogens, suggesting potential biomarkers for these vascular diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Lipidomics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Vascular diseases like abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) are major causes of cardiovascular mortality.
  • Effective treatments for AAA and PAD are lacking, highlighting the need for better diagnostic and prognostic tools.
  • Lipids play a crucial role in cardiovascular health, yet their specific roles in AAA and PAD remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the lipidomic profiles of patients with AAA and PAD.
  • To identify potential lipid biomarkers for the diagnosis, monitoring, and risk prediction of AAA and PAD.
  • To understand the alterations in lipid metabolism associated with AAA and PAD.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive C18 reversed-phase (RP) liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) lipidomic analysis.
  • Plasma samples from patients with AAA and PAD undergoing open repair surgery were compared with healthy controls.
  • Quantification of relative abundances of various lipid species.

Main Results:

  • A significant reduction in phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol) bearing polyunsaturated fatty acids was observed in AAA and PAD patients, likely due to oxidative degradation.
  • Plasmalogen species of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, known endogenous antioxidants, were also decreased in AAA and PAD.
  • Sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide (Cer) levels were found to be increased in both AAA and PAD patients compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals significant dysregulation of lipid metabolism in AAA and PAD.
  • Altered lipid profiles, including decreased phospholipids and plasmalogens and increased ceramides, may serve as potential biomarkers or hallmarks of these vascular diseases.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the clinical utility of these lipid alterations for prognostic and diagnostic purposes.

Keywords:
Abdominal aortic aneurysmlipidomicsmass spectrometryperipheral arterial diseasevascular diseases

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