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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in patients with thoracic injuries: Is it safe?
Kübra Canarslan Demir1, Ahmet Uğur Avcı2, Münire Kübra Özgök Kangal1
1Department of Underwater and Hyperbaric Medicine, Gülhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara-Türkiye.
Summary
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is generally safe for thoracic trauma patients, but can cause manageable cardiopulmonary complications, especially in those with poor clinical reserve. Careful selection and monitoring are key for safe administration.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Care
- Hyperbaric Medicine
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Evaluating hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) safety in blunt thoracic trauma patients.
- Focus on crush injuries from the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes.
- Retrospective cohort study at a tertiary care center.
Purpose of the Study:
- Assess HBOT safety and adverse events in blunt thoracic trauma.
- Identify potential risks and complications associated with HBOT in this population.
- Determine the feasibility of HBOT for severe thoracic injuries.
Main Methods:
- Included 25 patients with documented thoracic trauma.
- Administered HBOT at 2.4 ATA for two hours in a multiplace chamber.
- Analyzed demographic, clinical, outcome, and adverse event data.
Main Results:
- Three patients (12%) died due to severe crush injuries, unrelated to HBOT.
- Five patients (20%) experienced manageable cardiopulmonary symptoms (dyspnea, chest pain, arrhythmia).
- One patient had a seizure due to oxygen toxicity, with no permanent sequelae; one had pneumomediastinum, managed conservatively.
Conclusions:
- HBOT is generally safe but can cause cardiopulmonary complications in thoracic trauma patients, particularly those with poor clinical reserve.
- Most observed complications were minor and manageable with careful monitoring.
- Individualized risk assessment and multidisciplinary monitoring are crucial for safe HBOT in selected thoracic trauma patients.
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