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Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis

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Published on: July 16, 2019

Reshaping epigenomic landscapes facilitated bread wheat speciation.

Zhaoheng Zhang^1,2, Xuelei Lin¹, Jingjing Yue^1,3

¹Laboratory of Advanced Breeding Technologies, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

Plant Physiology

|September 5, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Polyploidization shapes wheat evolution by altering epigenetic regulation and gene expression. Dynamic distal regulatory elements, influenced by sequence variations, impact key traits like spike development.

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Area of Science:

Plant Genomics
Epigenetics
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Polyploidization is crucial for wheat (Triticum aestivum) evolution and speciation.
The precise impact of polyploidization on epigenetic regulation and gene expression in wheat is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To construct a high-resolution epigenetic landscape of wheat and its relatives.
To investigate how epigenetic modifications and sequence variations influence gene expression and trait development during wheat evolution.

Main Methods:

High-resolution epigenetic profiling across different tissues (leaves, spikes, roots) of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wheat.
Analysis of gene expression patterns, chromatin accessibility, and histone modifications (H3K27ac, H3K4me3).
Identification and characterization of distal cis-regulatory elements (dCREs) and their role in gene regulation.

Main Results:

Stably expressed genes show conserved sequences, while dynamic genes are linked to species-specific adaptation.
Hexaploidization suppresses D-subgenome homoeolog expression through epigenetic modifications.
Distal cis-regulatory elements (dCREs) exhibit high dynamism and are regulated by H3K27ac and H3K4me3.
Sequence variations in dCREs, like in the TaDEP-B1 region, cause differential gene expression and affect spike morphology.
Coevolution of transcription factors (e.g., ERF family) and their binding sites influences spike development.

Conclusions:

Epigenetic modifications and sequence variations interact to shape transcriptional regulation during wheat speciation.
Understanding these mechanisms provides insights into wheat genetic improvement and trait development.