Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: Principles and advanced techniques

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Imaging and Diagnostics
• Medical Physics
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading global cause of mortality.
• Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a vital non-invasive imaging tool for CVD assessment.
• Current CMR techniques face limitations including long scan times and motion artifacts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of established and emerging Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) techniques.
• To highlight advancements addressing current limitations in clinical CMR imaging.
• To offer an overview of the present and future applications of CMR.

Main Methods:

• Review of established and novel CMR imaging sequences and technologies.
• Focus on automated planning, motion handling, and image acceleration.
• Exploration of deep learning applications and variable field strength imaging.

Main Results:

• Novel techniques enhance CMR efficiency, reduce scan times, and improve image quality.
• Automated planning and motion correction strategies mitigate acquisition challenges.
• Deep learning and advanced reconstruction methods accelerate image acquisition and analysis.

Conclusions:

• Emerging CMR techniques are overcoming existing limitations, improving diagnostic capabilities.
• Advancements promise more efficient, comprehensive, and accessible cardiovascular assessments.
• The future of CMR lies in integrated, accelerated, and intelligent imaging solutions.