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Implementation of Mobile Medical Units for Veterans Experiencing Homelessness: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Jean Yoon1,2,3, Emily P Wong1, Jillian J Weber4

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mobile medical units (MMUs) improved health care access for homeless veterans by providing screenings and medication. Veterans using MMUs had more medical issues and higher healthcare usage, indicating a need for further study on their impact.

Keywords:
homelessimplementationmobile medical unitsveterans

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Public Health
  • Veterans Affairs Healthcare

Background:

  • Mobile medical units (MMUs) are crucial for overcoming barriers to healthcare access.
  • The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Homeless Patient Aligned Care Team (HPACT) program initiated MMUs to serve veterans experiencing homelessness.
  • Early implementation data is essential for understanding MMU effectiveness and operational challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the initial implementation of MMUs within the VA HPACT program.
  • To identify operational issues, services delivered, and patient characteristics associated with MMU use.
  • To compare veterans who utilized MMUs with those who did not.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods approach combining online surveys and healthcare administrative data.
  • Data collection included MMU implementation timelines, staffing, services offered, costs, and veteran demographics.
  • Statistical analysis to compare characteristics and healthcare utilization between MMU users and non-users.

Main Results:

  • MMU implementation averaged 147 hours over 5 months across 17 responding sites.
  • Services included health screenings, education, and medication management at housing sites and shelters.
  • MMU users exhibited higher rates of medical comorbidities and substance use disorders, with increased emergency department visits.

Conclusions:

  • MMUs show promise in reaching vulnerable veteran populations.
  • Further research is required to determine the impact of MMUs on primary care, mental health, and acute care utilization.
  • Evidence-based insights are needed to guide future MMU program development and resource allocation.