[Experimental study of fluorosis in lambs]

Area of Science:

• Animal Science
• Toxicology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Fluoride is a common environmental contaminant.
• Dietary fluoride intake can vary significantly based on feed composition, such as alfalfa.
• Understanding fluoride toxicokinetics in livestock is crucial for animal health and food safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effects of controlled sodium fluoride administration on lambs.
• To assess fluoride accumulation in plasma and bone tissues.
• To evaluate the impact of fluoride on growth and key biochemical parameters in lambs.

Main Methods:

• Eighty-four lambs were randomized into three groups: control and two sodium fluoride treatment groups with escalating doses.
• Fluoride intake was calculated based on feed analysis and administered sodium fluoride.
• Plasma and bone fluoride levels, growth rates, and biochemical parameters were monitored throughout the 17-week study.

Main Results:

• Lambs receiving sodium fluoride showed dose-dependent increases in plasma ionic fluorine and significant accumulation in bone, particularly the mandible.
• Despite elevated fluoride levels, there were no significant effects on lamb growth rate or average weight (approx. 29 kg at 17 weeks).
• Biochemical parameters including calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and liver enzymes remained unaffected by fluoride intake, varying primarily with age.

Conclusions:

• Controlled sodium fluoride administration leads to increased plasma and bone fluoride concentrations in lambs.
• The studied doses of sodium fluoride did not adversely affect lamb growth or major biochemical markers.
• Bone tissue serves as a significant reservoir for accumulated fluoride in lambs, with minimal levels found in muscle tissue.