MiRNA Regulations in Cardiotoxicity Induced by Oncologic Therapies and Possible Immune Response

Anti-cancer therapy offers significant risks for cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, thromboembolic ischaemia, arrhythmias, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, and high cholesterol. Cardiotoxicity is a leading cause of elevated mortality rates among cancer patients, and anti-cancer drugs often contribute to this issue. Emerging research highlights the role of microRNA (miRNAs) in regulating drug-induced cardiotoxicity by influencing genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational processes. MiRNAs have potential as biomarkers for early detection and treatment. Moreover, novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches targeting miRNAs could improve the clinical management of cardiotoxicity in cancer patients. This study is based on regulatory mechanisms behind cardiotoxicity, including oxidative stress, vascular homeostasis, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and inflammation, and explores strategies for managing these complications in cancer therapy.