Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This study aims to determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A search of electronic information through MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library was conducted to identify all studies reporting the association between OSA and IIH. The primary outcome was the prevalence of OSA. A random effects model was used for the analysis. Of 1469 studies identified, eight studies enrolling 241 patients were included. Overall, the pooled estimate of the proportion of OSA in patients with IIH was 0.424 (95% CI: 0.258 to 0.609), indicating a significant association (p < .05). In subgroup analysis, individuals with confirmed OSA diagnosis exhibited a prevalence rate of 0.407 (CI: 0.235 to 0.604, p < .05). For those with a positive OSA screening, the prevalence rate was 0.464 (CI: 0.043 to 0.943, p < .05). Clinicians should screen for OSA in patients with newly diagnosed IIH.