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Updated: Jan 18, 2026
Metabolic Characterization of Polarized M1 and M2 Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
Published on: November 28, 2015
A fluorescent probe with a vanillin-pyridine-imidazole core structure for carboxylesterase detection in macrophage
Hailong Xia1, Xianghe Wang2, Weichun Huang1
1Orthopedics Department, Dongyang People's Hospital, Jinhua, China.
Abstract:
In this work, a fluorescent probe, VanPI-CarE, with a vanillin-pyridine-imidazole core structure was developed for carboxylesterase (CarE) detection in macrophage polarization during bone homeostasis. The probe responded to CarE with a distinct fluorescence reporting signal at 490 nm upon excitation at 355 nm. Tests in solution showed the advantages of VanPI-CarE, including high sensitivity, excellent stability under various working conditions, high selectivity, and low cytotoxicity. Further confocal imaging indicated that VanPI-CarE enabled visualization of CarE level in living macrophages. The probe further revealed macrophage polarization in bone homeostasis under both induction and inhibition conditions via CarE detection. These findings provide meaningful insights for inflammation-related research.
